sudo
The sudo
command is like su in many ways but has some important additional capabilities. The administrator can configure sudo
to allow an ordinary user to execute commands as a different user in a controlled way.
A user may be restricted to one or more specific commands and no others. Another important difference is that the use of sudo
does not require access to the superuser's password. Authenticating using sudo
requires the user's own password.
Cheatsheet​
# Run a command as the superuser
sudo command
# Display privileges granted
sudo -l
# Edit a file as the superuser with
# your default editor
sudo -e path/to/file
# Run a command as another user and/or group
sudo -u username -g group command
# Repeat the last command prefixed with sudo
# (only in Bash, Zsh, etc.)
sudo !!
# Launch the default shell with superuser privileges
# and run login-specific files (`.profile`,
# `.bash_profile`, etc.)
sudo -i
# Launch the default shell with superuser privileges
# without changing the environment
sudo -s
# Launch the default shell as the specified user, loading
# the user's environment and reading login-specific files
# (`.profile`, `.bash_profile`, etc.):
sudo -i -u username
References​
- tldr. inbrowser.app. (n.d.). https://tldr.inbrowser.app/pages/common/sudo